Compare Svalbard (2002) - West Bank (2007)

Compare Svalbard (2002) z West Bank (2007)

	Svalbard (2002)	West Bank (2007)

Age structure	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%	0-14 years: 42.4% (male 551,243/female 524,800) 15-64 years: 54.2% (male 704,209/female 670,382) 65 years and over: 3.4% (male 36,175/female 49,118) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	olives, citrus, vegetables; beef, dairy products
Airports	4 (2001)	3 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2002)	-
Area	total: 62,049 sq km land: 62,049 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Spitsbergen and Bjornoya (Bear Island)	total: 5,860 sq km land: 5,640 sq km water: 220 sq km note: includes West Bank, Latrun Salient, and the northwest quarter of the Dead Sea, but excludes Mt. Scopus; East Jerusalem and Jerusalem No Man's Land are also included only as a means of depicting the entire area occupied by Israel in 1967
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than West Virginia	slightly smaller than Delaware
Background	First discovered by the Norwegians in the 12th century, the islands served as an international whaling base during the 17th and 18th centuries. Norway's sovereignty was recognized in 1920; five years later it officially took over the territory.	The Israel-PLO Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements (the DOP), signed in Washington in September 1993, provided for a transitional period of Palestinian interim self-government in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. A transfer of authority to the Palestinian Authority (PA) for the Gaza Strip and Jericho took place pursuant to the Israel-PLO 4 May 1994 Cairo Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area and, in additional areas of the West Bank, pursuant to the Israel-PLO 28 September 1995 Interim Agreement, the Israel-PLO 15 January 1997 Protocol Concerning Redeployment in Hebron, the Israel-PLO 23 October 1998 Wye River Memorandum, and the 4 September 1999 Sharm el-Sheikh Agreement. Direct negotiations to determine the permanent status of Gaza and the West Bank began in September 1999 after a three-year hiatus, but were derailed by a second intifadah that broke out a year later. In April 2003, the Quartet (US, EU, UN, and Russia) presented a roadmap to a final settlement of the conflict by 2005 based on reciprocal steps by the two parties leading to two states, Israel and a democratic Palestine. The proposed date for a permanent status agreement has been postponed indefinitely due to violence and accusations that both sides have not followed through on their commitments. Following Palestinian leader Yasir ARAFAT's death in late 2004, Mahmud ABBAS was elected PA president in January 2005. A month later, Israel and the PA agreed to the Sharm el-Sheikh Commitments in an effort to move the peace process forward. In September 2005, Israel withdrew all its settlers and soldiers and dismantled its military facilities in the Gaza Strip and four northern West Bank settlements. Nonetheless, Israel controls maritime, airspace, and most access to the Gaza Strip. A November 2005 PA-Israeli agreement authorized the reopening of the Rafah border crossing between the Gaza Strip and Egypt under joint PA and Egyptian control. In January 2006, the Islamic Resistance Movement, HAMAS, won control of the Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC). The international community has refused to accept the HAMAS-led government because it does not recognize Israel, will not renounce violence, and refuses to honor previous peace agreements between Israel and the PA. Since March 2006, President ABBAS has had little success negotiating with HAMAS to present a political platform acceptable to the international community so as to lift the economic siege on Palestinians. The PLC was unable to convene in late 2006 as a result of Israel's detention of many HAMAS PLC members and Israeli-imposed travel restrictions on other PLC members.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	30.99 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $11.5 million expenditures: $11.5 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.) (1998 est.)	revenues: $1.23 billion expenditures: $1.64 billion (2005)
Capital	Longyearbyen	-
Climate	arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most of the year	temperate; temperature and precipitation vary with altitude, warm to hot summers, cool to mild winters
Coastline	3,587 km	0 km (landlocked)
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Svalbard (sometimes referred to as Spitzbergen)	conventional long form: none conventional short form: West Bank
Currency	Norwegian krone (NOK)	-
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	3.85 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	-	$NA
Dependency status	territory of Norway; administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice, through a governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; by treaty (9 February 1920) sovereignty was awarded to Norway	-
Disputes - international	despite recent discussions, Russia and Norway dispute their maritime limits in the Barents Sea and Russia's fishing rights beyond Svalbard's territorial limits within the Svalbard Treaty zone	West Bank and Gaza Strip are Israeli-occupied with current status subject to the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement - permanent status to be determined through further negotiation; Israel continues construction of a "seam line" separation barrier along parts of the Green Line and within the West Bank; Israel withdrew from four settlements in the northern West Bank in August 2005; since 1948, about 350 peacekeepers from the UN Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO), headquartered in Jerusalem, monitor ceasefires, supervise armistice agreements, prevent isolated incidents from escalating, and assist other UN personnel in the region
Economic aid - recipient	$8.2 million from Norway (1998)	$1.102 billion; (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)
Economy - overview	Coal mining is the major economic activity on Svalbard. The treaty of 9 February 1920 gives the 41 signatories equal rights to exploit mineral deposits, subject to Norwegian regulation. Although US, UK, Dutch, and Swedish coal companies have mined in the past, the only companies still mining are Norwegian and Russian. The settlements on Svalbard are essentially company towns. The Norwegian state-owned coal company employs nearly 60% of the Norwegian population on the island, runs many of the local services, and provides most of the local infrastructure. There is also some trapping of seal, polar bear, fox, and walrus.	The West Bank - the larger of the two areas under the Palestinian Authority (PA) - has experienced a general decline in economic conditions since the second intifadah began in September 2000. The downturn has been largely the result of Israeli closure policies - the imposition of border closures in response to security incidents in Israel - which disrupted labor and trading relationships. In 2001, and even more severely in 2002, Israeli military measures in PA areas resulted in the destruction of capital, the disruption of administrative structures, and widespread business closures. International aid of at least $1.14 billion to the West Bank and Gaza Strip in 2004 prevented the complete collapse of the economy and allowed some reforms in the government's financial operations. In 2005, high unemployment and limited trade opportunities - due to continued closures both within the West Bank and externally - stymied growth. Israel's and the international community's financial embargo of the PA since HAMAS took office in March 2006 has interrupted the provision of PA social services and the payment of PA salaries.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	NA kWh
Electricity - imports	-	NA kWh
Electricity - production	NA kWh	NA kWh; note - most electricity imported from Israel; East Jerusalem Electric Company buys and distributes electricity to Palestinians in East Jerusalem and its concession in the West Bank; the Israel Electric Company directly supplies electricity to most Jewish residents and military facilities; some Palestinian municipalities, such as Nablus and Janin, generate their own electricity from small power plants
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Arctic Ocean 0 m highest point: Newtontoppen 1,717 m	lowest point: Dead Sea -408 m highest point: Tall Asur 1,022 m
Environment - current issues	NA	adequacy of fresh water supply; sewage treatment
Ethnic groups	Norwegian 55.4%, Russian and Ukrainian 44.3%, other 0.3% (1998)	Palestinian Arab and other 83%, Jewish 17%
Exchange rates	Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 8.9684 (January 2002), 8.9917 (2001), 8.8018 (2000), 7.7992 (1999), 7.5451 (1998), 7.0734 (1997)	new Israeli shekels per US dollar - 4.4565 (2006), 4.4877 (2005), 4.482 (2004), 4.5541 (2003), 4.7378 (2002)
Executive branch	chief of state: King HARALD V of Norway (since 17 January 1991) head of government: Governor Morten RUUD (since NA November 1998) and Assistant Governor Odd Redar HUMLEGAARD (since NA) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor and assistant governor responsible to the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice	-
Exports	$NA	$301 million f.o.b.; (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)
Exports - commodities	-	olives, fruit, vegetables, limestone
Exports - partners	-	Israel, Jordan, Gaza Strip (2006)
Fiscal year	-	calendar year
Flag description	the flag of Norway is used	-
GDP	purchasing power parity - $NA	-
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: 8% industry: 18.2% services: 73.9% (includes Gaza Strip) (2005 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $NA	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	4.9% (includes Gaza Strip) (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates	78 00 N, 20 00 E	32 00 N, 35 15 E
Geography - note	northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway; consists of nine main islands; glaciers and snowfields cover 60% of the total area	landlocked; highlands are main recharge area for Israel's coastal aquifers; there are 242 West Bank settlements and 29 East Jerusalem settlements in addition to at least 20 occupied outposts (August 2005 est.)
Highways	total: NA km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	$NA	$2.44 billion c.i.f.; (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)
Imports - commodities	-	food, consumer goods, construction materials
Imports - partners	-	Israel, Jordan, Gaza Strip (2006)
Independence	none (territory of Norway)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	2.4% (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)
Industries	-	generally small family businesses that produce cement, textiles, soap, olive-wood carvings, and mother-of-pearl souvenirs; the Israelis have established some small-scale, modern industries in the settlements and industrial centers
Infant mortality rate	NA deaths/1,000 live births	total: 18.67 deaths/1,000 live births male: 20.59 deaths/1,000 live births female: 16.64 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA%	2.9% (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)
International organization participation	none	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	13 (Svalbard and Jan Mayen) (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	150 sq km; note - includes Gaza Strip (2003)
Labor force	NA	568,000 (2005)
Labor force - by occupation	-	agriculture: 16% industry: 29% services: 55% (2005)
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 404 km border countries: Israel 307 km, Jordan 97 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (no trees, and the only bushes are crowberry and cloudberry) (1998 est.)	arable land: 16.9% permanent crops: 18.97% other: 64.13% (2001)
Languages	Russian, Norwegian	Arabic, Hebrew (spoken by Israeli settlers and many Palestinians), English (widely understood)
Legal system	NA	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years	total population: 73.46 years male: 71.68 years female: 75.35 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	NA	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 92.4% male: 96.7% female: 88% (2004 est.)
Location	Northern Europe, islands between the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, and Norwegian Sea, north of Norway	Middle East, west of Jordan
Map references	Arctic Region	Middle East
Maritime claims	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM unilaterally claimed by Norway but not recognized by Russia territorial sea: 4 NM	none (landlocked)
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	demilitarized by treaty (9 February 1920)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	NA
National holiday	NA	-
Nationality	-	noun: NA adjective: NA
Natural hazards	ice floes often block the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export) on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime traffic	droughts
Natural resources	coal, copper, iron ore, phosphate, zinc, wildlife, fish	arable land
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	2.71 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Population	2,868 (July 2002 est.)	2,535,927 note: in addition, there are about 187,000 Israeli settlers in the West Bank and fewer than 177,000 in East Jerusalem (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	45.7% (2005)
Population growth rate	-1.99% (2002 est.)	2.985% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	Barentsburg, Longyearbyen, Ny-Alesund, Pyramiden	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 1 (plus 2 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 0, FM 8, shortwave 0 (2005)
Radios	NA	-
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	-	Muslim 75% (predominantly Sunni), Jewish 17%, Christian and other 8%
Sex ratio	NA	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.736 male(s)/female total population: 1.038 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Telephone system	general assessment: probably adequate domestic: local telephone service international: satellite earth station - 1 of unknown type (for communication with Norwegian mainland only)	general assessment: NA domestic: Israeli company BEZEK and the Palestinian company PALTEL are responsible for fixed line services in the Gaza Strip; the Palestinian JAWAL company provides cellular services international: country code - 970 (2004)
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	349,000 (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	1.095 million (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)
Television broadcast stations	NA	8 (2005)
Terrain	wild, rugged mountains; much of high land ice covered; west coast clear of ice about one-half of the year; fjords along west and north coasts	mostly rugged dissected upland, some vegetation in west, but barren in east
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	4.17 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	20.3% (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)
Waterways	none	-

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